Afternoon exercise linked to more fat loss than morning exercise in overweight adults, with effects varying by PER3 gene type

Exercise timing may influence metabolic responses and body composition in relation to the PER3 rs228697 polymorphism.

• Circadian genetic variation could play a role in how body composition responds to exercise timing.
• The PER3 rs228697 polymorphism is associated with chronotype-related traits.
• Differences in body-composition responses to morning versus afternoon exercise timing remain uncertain.
• This study focuses on overweight/obese university students and their metabolic responses to moderate-intensity continuous training.

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