Interaction of Age With Shift-Related Sleep-Wakefulness, Sleepiness, Performance, and Social Life

Mar 15, 2006Experimental aging research

How Age Affects Sleep Patterns, Sleepiness, Performance, and Social Life During Work Shifts

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Abstract

A sample of 275 aircraft maintenance workers revealed that night shifts are associated with shorter sleep, decreased performance, and increased sleepiness.

Age was related to shift-related changes in sleep amount, subjective sleepiness, and psychomotor vigilance, but not directly linked to performance at night work.
The youngest age group (25-34 years) reported the highest subjective sleepiness during morning and night shifts.
Middle-aged (35-49 years) and senior (50-58 years) workers experienced a greater increase in performance lapses during night shifts compared to the youngest group.
Older shiftworkers more frequently perceived that subjective sleepiness negatively affected their work performance during morning and night shifts.
The findings suggest that shorter day sleep after night shifts may lead to greater declines in both subjective and objective performance with increasing age.

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It is not clear how the age-related changes in sleep are related to performance and subjective sleepiness at different time of the day. The aim of the present study was to study work shift related interactions of age with sleep-wakefulness, performance, and social life. A representative sample of aircraft maintenance workers in a continuous three-shift system was studied by a questionnaire (n = 275) and an on-site field (n = 49) study. In the field study, sleep length and quality and different ratings of social and other activities were studied with an actigraphy and a Pocket PC diary during 15 consecutive days. Subjective sleepiness (KSS) and vigilance performance (PVT) were registered at work. Although the shift type influenced the sleep, subjective sleepiness, performance, and social life, age was distinctly related only to shift-related changes in the amount of sleep, subjective sleepiness, and psychomotor vigilance. Night shifts were related with shorter sleep, decreased performance, and increased sleepiness. Although subjective sleepiness was greatest among the youngest (25-34 years) age group during the morning and the night shifts, the increase of performance lapses was higher among the middle-aged (35-49 years) and senior (50-58 years) groups during the night shifts compared to the youngest age group. According to the questionnaire, older shiftworkers also tended to perceive more frequently that subjective sleepiness decreases their work performance during the morning and night shifts. The results indicate of no direct link between age-related differences in subjective sleepiness and performance at night work. The shorter day sleep after the night shifts and higher deterioration of subjective and objective performance according to age urge on development of shift schedules aiming at lower fatigue levels during the night shifts.

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Interaction of Age With Shift-Related Sleep-Wakefulness, Sleepiness, Performance, and Social Life

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