Ambient particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) and childhood pneumonia: The smaller particle, the greater short-term impact?

Feb 11, 2021The Science of the total environment

Smaller Air Pollution Particles May Have a Stronger Short-Term Link to Childhood Pneumonia

AI simplified

Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

For each 10 μg/m³ increase in particulate matter (PM), the risk of pneumonia hospitalizations in children increased by 10.28% for PM with diameters ≤1 μm.

Short-term effects on childhood pneumonia vary by PM size, with smaller PM showing greater risk.
The increase in pneumonia hospitalization risk associated with PM ≤1 μm was significantly higher than for PM ≤2.5 μm and PM ≤10 μm.
Boys were more affected by PM and PM effects, while PM effects were seen in both genders.
Children aged ≤12 months and 1-4 years were particularly vulnerable to PM ≤1 μm, whereas PM ≤2.5 μm and PM ≤10 μm were associated only with children aged 1-4 years.
Seasonal variations indicated that PM effects were more pronounced in autumn and winter, especially for PM ≤1 μm.

AI simplified

BACKGROUND: Smaller sizes of ambient particulate matter (PM) can be more toxic and can be breathed into lower lobes of a lung. Children are particularly vulnerable to PM air pollution because of their adverse effects on both lung functions and lung development. However, it remains unknown whether a smaller PM has a greater short-term impact on childhood pneumonia.

AIMS: We compared the short-term effects on childhood pneumonia from PM with aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm (PM), ≤2.5 μm (PM), and ≤10 μm (PM), respectively. 1 2.5 10

METHODS: Daily time-series data (2016-2018) on pneumonia hospitalizations in children aged 0-17 years, records of air pollution (PM, PM, PM, and gaseous pollutants), and weather conditions were obtained for Hefei, China. Effects of different PM were quantified using a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model after controlling for day of the week, holiday, seasonality and long-term time trend, and weather variables. Stratified analyses (gender, age, and season) were also performed. 1 2.5 10

RESULTS: For each 10 μg/mincrease in PM, PM, and PMconcentrations over the past three days (lag 0-2), the risk of pneumonia hospitalizations increased by 10.28% (95%CI: 5.88%-14.87%), 1.21% (95%CI: 0.34%-2.09%), and 1.10% (95%CI: 0.44%-1.76%), respectively. Additionally, both boys and girls were at risk of PMeffects, while PMand PMeffects were only seen in boys. Children aged ≤12 months and 1-4 years were affected by PM, but PMand PMwere only associated with children aged 1-4 years. Furthermore, PMeffects were greater in autumn and winter, while greater PMand PMeffects were evident only in autumn. 3 1 2.5 10 1 2.5 10 1 2.5 10 1 2.5 10

CONCLUSION: This study suggests a greater short-term impact on childhood pneumonia from PMin comparison to PMand PM. Given the serious PM pollution in China and other rapid developing countries due to various combustions and emissions, more investigations are needed to determine the impact of different PM on childhood respiratory health. 1 2.5 10

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (XML) ↗View full text ↗

Ambient particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) and childhood pneumonia: The smaller particle, the greater short-term impact?

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief