Anxiety and its relationship to quality of life independent of depression in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Feb 10, 2015Journal of psychosomatic research

Anxiety and its link to quality of life separate from depression in people with obstructive sleep apnea

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Abstract

The prevalence of anxiety and depression in obstructive sleep apnea patients is 48.4% and 46.4%, respectively.

Anxiety symptoms were strongly correlated with depressive symptoms, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.676.
Female sex, excessive daytime sleepiness, and lower educational levels are independent predictors of anxiety in OSA patients.
The severity of obstructive sleep apnea, as measured by the apnea-hypopnea index or respiratory distress index, is not related to anxiety.
Both anxiety and depression are independently associated with lower quality of life scores in OSA patients.

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OBJECTIVES: The relationship between anxiety and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been well studied. We evaluated the factors associated with anxiety and whether anxiety is related to quality of life (QoL) independently of depression in OSA patients.

METHODS: Data were collected from adults with newly diagnosed, untreated OSA. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Scale (STAI-S), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Short Form 36 Health survey (SF-36) were used. Anxiety and depression were defined as high levels of anxiety symptoms (STAI-S score≥40) and depressive symptoms (BDI≥10), respectively. Associations between anxiety and OSA were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.

RESULTS: Of 655 OSA subjects included, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 48.4% and 46.4%, respectively. The scores of STAI-S had strong correlations with BDI (r=0.676, p<0.001). Female sex (p<0.05), excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS≥10) (p<0.05), and a lower educational level (p<0.05) were identified as independent factors for predicting the presence of anxiety in OSA patients. The severity of OSA measured by the apnea-hypopnea index or respiratory distress index was not related to comorbid anxiety. In linear regression analysis, both anxiety (ß=-10.196, p<0.001) and depression (ß=-16.317, p<0.001) were independently associated with lower SF-36 scores in OSA patients.

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of anxiety can be predicted by female sex, daytime sleepiness, and a lower educational level. Both anxiety and depression were independently associated with a lower QoL in OSA patients.

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Anxiety and its relationship to quality of life independent of depression in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

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