Association of nightly fasting duration, meal timing and frequency with the metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults

A significant inverse relation was found between habitual nightly fasting duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with an odds ratio of 0.74.

• Longer nightly fasting duration may be linked to a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome and elevated triglycerides.
• Subjects with a nightly fasting duration showed lower odds for increased triglycerides, with an odds ratio of 0.73.
• No significant connection was observed between the energy content of the first and last meal and metabolic syndrome.
• Lower odds of increased fasting blood glucose levels were noted in individuals consuming 25% or more of their daily energy intake in the last meal, with an odds ratio of 0.60.
• These findings suggest that time-related eating patterns could be associated with cardiometabolic risks among Iranian adults.

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