Association of short-term fine particulate matter exposure with pulmonary function in populations at intermediate to high-risk of cardiovascular disease: A panel study in three Chinese cities

Jun 11, 2021Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

Short-term exposure to fine air pollution linked to lung function in people at medium to high heart disease risk in three Chinese cities

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Abstract

An increment of 10 μg/min in particulate matter concentrations during a lag of 12-24 hours was associated with significant declines in pulmonary function indicators.

Short-term exposure to particulate matter is linked to reduced pulmonary function in individuals at intermediate to high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Declines of 41.7 ml/s in peak expiratory flow, 0.35% in the ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity, and 20.9 ml/s in maximal mid-expiratory flow were observed.
Effects of particulate matter on pulmonary function were more pronounced in physically inactive individuals.
Stratified and sensitivity analyses generally confirmed the overall findings regarding the association between particulate matter and pulmonary function.

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BACKGROUND: Decline in pulmonary function contributes to increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although adverse effects of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) on pulmonary function have been recognized in healthy people or patients with respiratory disease, these results were not well illustrated among people with elevated CVD risk. 2.5

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A panel study was conducted in three Chinese cities with three repeated visits among populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD, defined as treated hypertension patients or those with blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg, who met any of the three conditions including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Individualized PMexposure and pulmonary function were measured during each seasonal visit. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to analyze the associations of PMconcentrations with pulmonary function indicators, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), FEV/forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). 2.5 2.5 1 1

RESULTS: Short-term PMexposure was significantly associated with decreased pulmonary function and an increment of 10 μg/min PMconcentrations during lag 12-24 hour was associated with declines of 41.7 ml/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.7-75.7), 0.35% (95% CI: 0.01, 0.69), and 20.9 ml/s (95% CI: 0.5-41.3) for PEF, FEV/FVC, and MMF, respectively. Results from stratified and sensitivity analyses were generally similar with the overall findings, while the adverse effects of PMon pulmonary functions were more pronounced in those who were physically inactive. 2.5 2.5 1 2.5 3

CONCLUSIONS: This study first identified short-term exposure to PMwas associated with impaired pulmonary function and physical activity might attenuate the adverse effects of PMamong populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD. These findings provide new robust evidence on health effects of air pollution and call for effective prevention measures among people at CVD risk. 2.5 2.5

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Association of short-term fine particulate matter exposure with pulmonary function in populations at intermediate to high-risk of cardiovascular disease: A panel study in three Chinese cities

Abstract

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