Restricting carbohydrates at breakfast is sufficient to reduce 24-hour exposure to postprandial hyperglycemia and improve glycemic variability

A very-low-carbohydrate high-fat breakfast reduced postprandial hyperglycemia after breakfast in adults with type 2 diabetes.

• The low-carbohydrate breakfast significantly decreased postprandial glucose levels after breakfast (P < 0.01).
• This breakfast approach did not negatively impact glucose levels after lunch or dinner.
• Overall postprandial hyperglycemia was reduced, evidenced by a 24-hour decrease in the incremental area under the glucose curve (-173 ± 361 mmol/L; P = 0.03).
• Glycemic variability also improved, indicated by a reduction in the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (-0.4 ± 0.8 mmol/L · 24 h; P = 0.03).
• Participants reported lower premeal hunger before dinner when consuming the very-low-carbohydrate breakfast (P-interaction = 0.03).

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