Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for solid tumors: A review of the intricate mechanisms and potential strategies

Nov 15, 2025International immunopharmacology

T-cell therapy for solid tumors: Understanding how it works and possible improvement strategies

AI simplified

Abstract

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has achieved success in hematological malignancies but faces significant challenges in treating solid tumors.

  • Solid tumors present unique challenges for CAR-T therapy, including tumor antigen heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
  • Barriers to effective T-cell infiltration include immune evasion by suppressive cytokines and regulatory cells, as well as tumor antigen escape.
  • Innovative strategies like multi-antigen targeting constructs and armored CAR-T cells may enhance efficacy by addressing these barriers.
  • The use of matrix-degrading enzymes and immune checkpoint inhibitors could help overcome physical and immune-mediated resistance.
  • Emerging targets such as B7-H3, Claudin 18.2, and MUC1 are being explored to improve patient selection and therapeutic monitoring.

AI simplified

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

what lands in your inbox each week:

  • 📚7 fresh studies
  • 📝plain-language summaries
  • direct links to original studies
  • 🏅top journal indicators
  • 📅weekly delivery
  • 🧘‍♂️always free