Chinese Herbal Medicine Suyin Detoxification Granule Inhibits Pyroptosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulating MAVS/NLRP3 to Alleviate Renal Injury

Dec 15, 2021Journal of inflammation research

Chinese Herbal Medicine Suyin Detoxification Granule May Reduce Kidney Damage by Blocking Cell Death and Tissue Scarring Signals

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Abstract

Suyin Detoxification Granule (SDG) improved renal function and reduced proteinuria in a rat model of renal failure.

SDG alleviated renal fibrosis and decreased levels of serum inflammation and components of the in the kidney.
In vitro, Suyin Detoxification Prescription (SDP) and the NLRP3 inhibitor CY-09 improved cell viability and reduced pyroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells injured by albumin.
SDP was associated with the alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction caused by albumin exposure.
Knockdown of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) diminished the expression of NLRP3 pathway proteins and reduced cell pyroptosis.

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PURPOSE: Proteinuria is an independent risk factor of (CKD). Albumin-induced tubulointerstitial inflammation and (EMT) via the activation of is a potential therapeutic target for CKD. Suyin Detoxification Granule (SDG) improves proteinuria and postpones renal failure. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown.

METHODS: Firstly, the rat model of renal failure was established using intragastric administration of adenine. Renal function, proteinuria, inflammatory indicators in serum, and renal pathology were assessed, and renal immunohistochemical staining of NLRP3 inflammasomes was performed after intervention with low and high concentrations of SDG. Secondly, the model of renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells was established using albumin in vitro, and the cell viability, EMT phenotype, and the expression of proteins in the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway were measured after the freeze-dried powder of Suyin Detoxification Prescription (SDP) and CY-09, which is a selective and direct NLRP3 inhibitor, were co-incubated with albumin. ATP, SOD, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ROS were further measured in vitro, and changes in the mitochondrial function after SDP intervention were observed. The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) was knocked down using siRNA, and the interaction between MAVS and NLRP3 was verified using Western blotting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunofluorescence.

RESULTS: SDG improved renal function and proteinuria, alleviated renal fibrosis, and reduced serum inflammation and the expression of the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the kidney. In vitro, SDP and CY-09 enhanced cell viability after injury with albumin and inhibited pyroptosis induced by the NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathway and expression of proteins involved in EMT. It was further found that SDP alleviated the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by albumin. The knockdown of MAVS reduced the expression of NLRP3 pathway proteins and their mRNA levels and also weakened the co-localization of NLRP3, thus, reducing cell pyroptosis.

CONCLUSION: SDP protected renal tubular epithelial cells from cell pyroptosis and EMT by regulating the albumin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction/ MAVS/ NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 inflammasome signaling pathway.

Key numbers

10 g/kg/d

Improvement in Renal Function

High-dose Suyin Detoxification Granule administered daily.

n = 24

Animal Cohort Size

Total number of rats in the study.

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Chinese Herbal Medicine Suyin Detoxification Granule Inhibits Pyroptosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulating MAVS/NLRP3 to Alleviate Renal Injury

Abstract

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