Using differences in natural daily rhythms to improve speech learning

Fifty-nine young adult native speakers of American English were trained on producing a Danish vowel contrast.

• Identification of the Danish vowel contrast improved with training.
• Improvement in identification did not depend on circadian preference or time of training.
• Production gains were greater when training occurred outside of learners' preferred time.
• The effect of training time on production was small, indicating potential benefits from reduced executive control during speech-motor learning.

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