How the body’s internal clock affects health, from molecular processes to medical use

Circadian disturbances are recognized as key factors in complex multisystem disorders.

• The circadian system regulates gene networks, metabolic pathways, and physiological functions.
• Chronic desynchronization of circadian rhythms may lead to various disorders, including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.
• Organ-specific physiological programs in the human body are influenced by the circadian clock.
• Current evidence suggests that therapeutic approaches could enhance circadian alignment.
• Public health interventions combining environmental changes and behavioral education may help restore circadian rhythms.

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