Comparative transcriptomic rhythms in the mouse and human prefrontal cortex

A phase shift in the expression of core clock genes is observed between the mouse medial prefrontal cortex and human prefrontal cortex subregions, differing by sex.

• Circadian rhythm signaling is conserved across species and subregions of the prefrontal cortex.
• The rhythmic transcripts in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex and human prefrontal cortex subregions show significant differences.
• The most overlap in rhythmic transcripts (20%, 236 transcripts) occurs between the mouse medial prefrontal cortex and the human anterior cingulate cortex in females.
• Basic biological processes are enriched for rhythmic transcripts across species, with notable differences based on brain region and sex.
• These findings emphasize the need to consider cross-species differences when utilizing animal models for studying human psychiatric diseases.

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