The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology

Continuous glucose monitoring compared to blood sugar self-checks in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial

Updated

Abstract

In a trial with 303 participants, real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) led to a 0.6% lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA) concentration at 16 weeks compared to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).

  • Participants using CGM experienced a decrease in HbA from 8.8% to 8.0% at week 16, while those in the SMBG group decreased from 8.8% to 8.7%.
  • At week 32, the HbA levels in the CGM group further decreased to 7.8%, compared to 8.3% in the SMBG group.
  • The adjusted difference in HbA concentrations at week 16 was -0.6% and at week 32 was -0.5%, both statistically significant.
  • The incidence of non-device-related adverse events was similar between the CGM and SMBG groups.
  • Two severe hypoglycaemia events occurred in the SMBG group.

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Funding

Competing interests

Declaration of interests EGW declares grant or contract (with institution) from Abbott Diabetes Care outside of the submitted work, Insulet, Novo Nordisk, and Association of British Clinical Diabetologists; consultancy fees from Embecta and Roche; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Association of British Clinical Diabetologists, AstraZeneca, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Glooko, Insulet, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Ypsomed; support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care, Insulet, and Novo Nordisk; is an Advisory Board member for Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Insulet, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Sinocare, and Tandem; participates on a Data Safety Monitoring Board for CamAPS; is a committee member of the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists; serves as an executive board member of DAFNE UK; is the founder and committee member for Diabetes Technology UK; serves on Diabetes Research Steering Group Chair for Diabetes UK; and receives medical writing support funded by Abbott Diabetes Care and Embecta. TS declares support (to institution) for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care. PC declares grants or contracts from Abbott Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Dexcom, Novo Nordisk, Insulet, and Roche; consulting fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Dexcom, Insulet, Roche, Lilly, Cambridge Mechatronics, Vertex, Sanofi, and Tandem; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Dexcom, Sanofi, Lilly, Insulet, and Roche; support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Dexcom, Sanofi, Lilly, Insulet, and Roche. SN declares personal honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care and AstraZeneca; support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care and Novo Nordisk; and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Abbott Diabetes Care, Roche, and Insulet. TSJC declares honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Sanofi, Lilly, Dexcom, and Insulet; support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Dexcom; and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Hedia. AI declares consulting fees from Abbott Diabetes Care and Sanofi; honoraria from Eli Lilly, Sanofi, and Daiichi Sankyo; and support for attending meetings or travel from Sanofi. MLE declares grants or contracts (to institution) from Novo Nordisk for PhD studentship, and from Sava, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, ITB Medical, and Lexicon for clinical trial support; consulting fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Zucara, Pila Pharma, vTv Therapeutics, Medtronic (Minimed), and Sanofi; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Sanofi, and Eli Lilly; support for attending meetings or travel from Sanofi; serves as Trustee of Diabetes UK; and is a member of the Steering Committee of Diabetes Technology Network, UK (no remuneration for either). GR declares grant or contract (to institution) from Abbott Diabetes Care and personal honoraria from Eli Lilly. HCP is Honorary Secretary for the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists. RAA declares grant or contract (to institution) from Abbott Diabetes Care; consulting fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Eli Lilly, Insulet, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Dexcom; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care and Boehringer Ingelheim; and is an unpaid member of ESC Task Force and Grant Committees. YSC declares a research contract (with institution) from Sanofi; support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care and Sanofi; is an unpaid executive board member of DAFNE Type 1 Diabetes structures education programme; and is an unpaid member of the National Health Service Blood and Transplant Pancreas Advisory Group and Islet Steering Group. AL declares grants or contracts (to institution) for research support from Abbott Diabetes Care and Novo Nordisk; consulting fees (advisory boards) from Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Insulet, Medtronic, and Roche Diabetes; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Lilly, Menarini, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi; serves as Chair of Diabetes Technology Network-UK; and is a Member of Exercise in Type One Diabetes Executive (both funded by sponsorship). IC declares honoraria from Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Omnipod for speaker meetings or bureaus; support for attending meetings or travel from Eli Lilly; and participates as an Advisory Board Member for ADC, Glooko, and Roche. TM declares honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care. EBJ declares consulting fees from Convatec and support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care. KB-K declares grants (to Barnard Health Research) from Abbott Diabetes Care. TY declares grants or contracts (to institution) from NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre and Biomea Fusion and consulting fees from Regeneron. LL declares consulting fees from Abbott Diabetes Care for advisory board meetings; honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care for presentations; consulting fees from Medtronic, Dexcom, Insulet, Vertex, and Sanofi; and support for attending meetings or travel from Abbott Diabetes Care, Sanofi, and Insulet. All other authors declare no competing interests.
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