The cost-effectiveness analysis of semaglutide for the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with overweight and obesity: a systematic review

Sep 10, 2024European journal of clinical pharmacology

Cost-effectiveness of semaglutide for treating overweight and obesity in adults and teens

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Abstract

Out of 252 initial studies, 7 met the criteria for cost-effectiveness analysis of semaglutide in patients with obesity.

Semaglutide is associated with more quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) than some other anti-obesity medications.
Higher costs of semaglutide may lead to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) that exceeds the willingness to pay threshold in certain cases.
In patients with class I obesity, semaglutide's total cost is significantly higher compared to lifestyle intervention, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, and sleeve gastrectomy.
Semaglutide demonstrates potential cost-effectiveness when compared to diet and exercise and liraglutide.
However, it is not considered cost-effective compared to sleeve gastrectomy, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, and gastric bypass.

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PURPOSE: The present study aimed to systematically collect and synthesize available cost-effectiveness studies of semaglutide in patients with obesity or overweight in comparison with other interventions.

METHODS: We comprehensively searched multiple electronic databases to identify relevant literature. Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of studies was appraised using the "Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards" (CHEERS) tool. This study is conducted and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

RESULTS: Out of a total of 252 items, after review, 32 articles were fully reviewed, and, finally, 7 studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The discount rate was in the range of 1.5-3.5%. Studies included showed semaglutide offered more QALYs than anti-obesity drugs but because of higher cost, in some cases, ICER exceeds the willingness to pay threshold. Results show that semaglutide creates higher total cost compared to conventional interventions in patients with class I, II, and III obesities. Results show that in patients with class I obesity (BMI 33) lifestyle intervention (LI), endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG), Sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and semaglutide create $124,195; $126,732; $139,971; and $370,776, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The current systematic review showed that semaglutide provides more QALYs and creates more costs in comparison with phentermine-topiramate, phentermine, and naltrexone-bupropion. Semaglutide may be cost-effective with substantial cost reduction. Semaglutide appears to be cost-effective versus diet and exercise (D&E) and liraglutide but it was not cost-effective versus sleeve gastrectomy, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, and gastric bypass.

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The cost-effectiveness analysis of semaglutide for the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with overweight and obesity: a systematic review

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