Genetic analyses suggest Coprobacillus cateniformis may be linked to glioblastoma partly through lower CSF S-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate.
Evidence
This and mediation analysis tested 473 gut microbial taxa, 338 , and glioblastoma risk in Finnish individuals.
Caveat
The evidence is genetic and summary-data based, so the 6.1% mediation pathway is a modeled causal inference rather than a direct diagnostic or therapeutic result.
Simplified
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is a lethal brain tumor with poor prognosis and limited early diagnostic tools. The gut microbiota and its metabolites may influence glioblastoma progression through the gut-brain axis.
METHODS: We employed and Generalized Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization to explore causal relationships among 473 gut microbial taxa, 338 , and glioblastoma risk in Finnish individuals. Mediation analysis was conducted to identify key pathways linking gut microbes, metabolites, and glioblastoma development.
RESULTS: Coprobacillus cateniformis was positively associated with glioblastoma (OR = 1.7363,95%CI:1.0541–2.8600, = 0.030). The cerebrospinal fluid metabolite S-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate was negatively associated with glioblastoma (OR = 0.7270,95%CI:0.5506–0.9598, = 0.024). Additionally, Coprobacillus cateniformis was negatively associated with S-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (OR = 0.8933, 95%CI:0.7994–0.9982, = 0.046). Mediation analysis indicated that S-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate served as a mediator in the pathway through which Coprobacillus cateniformis promotes glioblastoma development, with a mediation effect ratio of 6.1%. P P P
CONCLUSION: This study reveals a potential causal pathway linking Coprobacillus cateniformis to glioblastoma through S-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. These findings highlight a novel gut–cerebrospinal fluid–brain axis and suggest potential microbial and metabolic biomarkers for glioblastoma diagnosis and therapy.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12672-025-04290-5.
Key numbers
1.7363
Increase in risk
for and
0.7270
Decrease in risk
for and
6.1%
Percentage of mediation effect in the causal pathway
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