DAF-16 acts as the “hub” of astaxanthin's anti-aging mechanism to improve aging-related physiological functions in Caenorhabditis elegans

Aug 16, 2021Food & function

DAF-16 is central to how astaxanthin improves aging-related functions in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Longevity & Aging on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Astaxanthin (AX) promotes health and lifespan by improving mobility and reducing age pigment accumulation.

AX may inhibit oxidative damage by reducing the production of peroxides.
The compound appears to prolong lifespan in worms by regulating the insulin signaling pathway through AGE-1.
AX promotes the transport of DAF-16 into the nucleus, leading to the increased expression of downstream proteins associated with longevity.
Fifteen proteins related to longevity regulation were identified as enriched in response to AX treatment.
AX could mimic dietary restriction by activating relevant signaling pathways, which may include insulin signaling, AMPK, and mTOR.

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Astaxanthin (AX) is a xanthophyll carotenoid that can effectively inhibit the production of peroxides and thereby protect the body from oxidative damage. In recent years, AX had been shown to have anti-aging properties, bothand. However, the underlying mechanisms by which AX regulates senescence related proteins and signaling pathways remain unclear. Therefore, we used() model binding proteomics to reveal AX anti-aging activity and its molecular mechanism. Our results suggest that AX promotes the health and lifespan ofby improving mobility, reducing the accumulation of age pigments, and increasing resistance to heat stress. In terms of the underlying mechanism, AX helps prolong the life of worms by regulating AGE-1 in the insulin signaling pathway, promoting the transport of DAF-16 into the nucleus and then up-regulating the expression level of DAF-16's downstream proteins (such as superoxide dismutase [Mn] 2 (SOD-3), heat shock proteins (HSPs), glutathione-transferase (GST-4),). Furthermore, AX may be a relevant response target for activation of dietary restriction pathwaysas a dietary restriction mimic. Meanwhile, proteomics data confirmed that there were 15 proteins enriched in the longevity regulation pathway. AX mainly regulates oxidative stress and the aging process by modulating the insulin signaling pathway around DAF-16 as the "hub". In addition to the insulin signaling pathway, other pathways including dietary restriction, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammal target of rapamycin (mTOR) are also dependent on DAF-16. These findings expand and deepen our knowledge of the underlying mechanism by which AX extends the lifespan of. in vivo in vitro Caenorhabditis elegans C. elegans C. elegans s etc. in vivo C. elegans

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DAF-16 acts as the “hub” of astaxanthin's anti-aging mechanism to improve aging-related physiological functions in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

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