Modulating depression through the gut–brain axis: the role of gut microbiota in therapeutic interventions

Jul 21, 2025Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology

How gut bacteria may influence depression and its treatment through the gut-brain connection

AI simplified

Abstract

Depression is increasingly linked to gut microbiota through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

  • Alterations in gut microbial composition may influence depressive symptoms through neurochemical, immunological, and neuroendocrine pathways.
  • Key mechanisms include the modulation of serotonin, dopamine, and GABA levels, as well as systemic inflammation and HPA axis dysregulation.
  • Emerging evidence suggests gut microbiota could affect the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) via vagal pathways.
  • A distinct microbial signature has been identified in individuals with depression, with therapeutic probiotics targeting this dysbiosis showing potential benefits.
  • The review evaluates the therapeutic potential of probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and dietary interventions for managing depression.

AI simplified

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

what lands in your inbox each week:

  • 📚7 fresh studies
  • 📝plain-language summaries
  • direct links to original studies
  • 🏅top journal indicators
  • 📅weekly delivery
  • 🧘‍♂️always free