Associations of dietary advanced glycation end products with liver steatosis via vibration controlled transient elastography in the United States: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Oct 1, 2023European journal of nutrition

Links between diet-related harmful compounds and liver fat measured by ultrasound in the US population

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Abstract

Individuals in the highest tertile of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) intake had an increased risk of hepatic steatosis with odds ratios of 1.37, 1.36, and 1.40 for total dAGEs, CML, and MG-H1, respectively.

A positive correlation exists between dietary dAGEs intake and liver steatosis.
Higher intake of dAGEs, specifically CML, CEL, and MG-H1, is associated with increased risk of hepatic steatosis.
The association between dAGEs and liver steatosis is stronger in individuals with obesity.
Abnormal waist circumference is linked to a heightened risk of hepatic steatosis in relation to dAGEs intake.
Further research is needed to establish causal relationships and understand the underlying mechanisms.

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PURPOSE: Large population-based studies for the associations between dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) intake and liver steatosis remain lacking. It is necessary to clarify the relationship of dAGEsintake with liver steatosis through the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES).

METHODS: A total of 5856 participants in the NHANES 2017-2018 were included. The dietary AGEs intake, including ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine(CML), Nε-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) were estimated using the combination of ultra-performance LC-tandem MS dietary AGEs database and two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Liver steatosis was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter via transient elastography. Logistic regression model was adopted to explore the relationships between dAGEs intake and hepatic steatosis.

RESULTS: Compared with individuals of total dAGEs, CML, MG-H1 in the lowest tertile, those in the highest tertile had highest risk of hepatic steatosis, and the corresponding odds radios(ORs) (95% confidence interval(CI)) were 1.37 (1.01, 1.84), 1.36 (1.04,1.78) and 1.40 (1.06, 1.85), respectively. Subgroups analysis found that the positive association between dAGEs, CML, CEL and MG-H1 and hepatic steatosis appeared stronger in subjects with obesity and those with abnormal waist circumference (WC).

CONCLUSION: There was a positive correlation between dAGEs, CML, MG-H1, and hepatic steatosis, and this association mainly existed in subjects with obesity and those with abnormal WC. Dietary AGEs restriction might be of high priority for subjects with obesity for the prevention of fatty liver disease. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm the causal associations and explore the potential mechanisms.

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Associations of dietary advanced glycation end products with liver steatosis via vibration controlled transient elastography in the United States: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Abstract

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