This review argues that epigenetic clocks may help measure and target environmentally driven skin aging.
Evidence
This narrative review synthesizes evidence on DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, exposome factors, skin-specific epigenetic clocks, and epigenetic-targeted dermatologic therapies.
Caveat
The abstract presents a synthesis and therapeutic rationale rather than new clinical outcome data showing that epigenetic interventions reverse skin aging.
Simplified
Skin aging is a multifactorial process driven by a combination of intrinsic genetic programming and extrinsic environmental exposures. Recent advances in epigenetics have illuminated how changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs regulate skin aging, with the emerging as a powerful tool to quantify biological age. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on how environmental and lifestyle factors - particularly ultraviolet radiation, pollution, smoking, diet, and stress - accelerate skin aging through epigenetic mechanisms, while also evaluating the potential of skin-specific epigenetic clocks as biomarkers for early detection of premature aging and for guiding therapeutic interventions. We further discuss the expanding field of epigenetic-targeted therapies in dermatology, encompassing topical agents, energy-based devices, and systemic approaches that may reverse or delay visible signs of cutaneous aging. By integrating insights from molecular biology, environmental science, and clinical dermatology, this review positions skin aging not as an irreversible outcome but as a modifiable, biologically regulated process with promising avenues for personalized prevention and rejuvenation.
Key numbers
78%
Reduction in wrinkle volume
Observed after dihydromyricetin treatment in a small clinical study.
2 years
Epigenetic age reduction
Noted with dihydromyricetin treatment in keratinocytes.
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