Epigenomics and the Regulation of Aging

Apr 10, 2013Epigenomics

How changes in gene control relate to aging

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Abstract

Changes to the epigenomic landscape are now known to associate with aging.

Aging may not solely result from accumulated damage but could be influenced by biological processes that regulate aging.
Individuals with similar genetic backgrounds can have vastly different aging outcomes.
Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone changes, play a role in the aging process.
Environmental factors may impact the epigenome, potentially affecting the rate of aging.
Causal links between specific epigenomic changes and longevity are still being explored.

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It is tempting to assume that a gradual accumulation of damage 'causes' an organism to age, but other biological processes present during the lifespan, whether 'programmed' or 'hijacked', could control the type and speed of aging. Theories of aging have classically focused on changes at the genomic level; however, individuals with similar genetic backgrounds can age very differently. Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modifications and ncRNA. Environmental cues may be 'remembered' during lifespan through changes to the epigenome that affect the rate of aging. Changes to the epigenomic landscape are now known to associate with aging, but so far causal links to longevity are only beginning to be revealed. Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that there is significant reciprocal regulation occurring between the epigenomic levels. Future work utilizing new technologies and techniques should build a clearer picture of the link between epigenomic changes and aging.

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Epigenomics and the Regulation of Aging

Abstract

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