Exercise, Exerkines, and Sarcopenia

Jan 14, 2026Diabetes & metabolism journal

How Exercise-Related Substances Affect Muscle Loss with Aging

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Abstract

is a progressive age-related disorder that leads to significant loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical function.

  • Sarcopenia is closely associated with aging and physical inactivity, impacting mobility and quality of life in older adults.
  • Exercise is recognized as an effective non-drug approach to manage sarcopenia, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood.
  • are signaling molecules released during physical exercise that mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on the body.
  • These molecules are secreted by various tissues and play important roles in muscle regeneration, inflammation, and metabolic balance.
  • The secretion and function of exerkines are influenced by the type, intensity, and duration of exercise.
  • Understanding exerkine signaling could provide new therapeutic options for individuals who cannot regularly participate in physical activity.

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Key numbers

3 to 24%
Prevalence
Prevalence among adults aged 65 years and older in Korea.
up to 100-fold
Increased IL-6 Levels
Observed following acute exercise.
150 to 300 minutes
Exercise Recommendations
Recommended weekly aerobic activity for older adults by WHO.

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