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Extracellular vesicles versus lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of nucleic acids
Comparing natural tiny cell particles and artificial fat bubbles for delivering genetic material
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are being explored for delivering nucleic acid therapeutics.
- EVs play a natural role in transporting nucleic acids and proteins for cell signaling.
- LNPs have been developed as nucleic acid carriers, leading to approved treatments like patisiran and COVID-19 vaccines.
- There is ongoing research to enhance targeting of extrahepatic organs and to enable in vivo gene editing using these systems.
- The review discusses challenges in drug formulation and delivery associated with both EVs and LNPs.
- Biodistribution profiles and transfection outcomes from in vitro and in vivo studies are compared.
- Insights are provided on promising research directions and potential limitations for these delivery systems.
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