Association of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant (rs9939609) with dietary intake in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

Jan 24, 2012The British journal of nutrition

Link between a fat-related gene variant and diet in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

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Abstract

In a study of 479 individuals with a BMI greater than 25 kg/m2, the FTO variant rs9939609 was associated with higher BMI among those consuming high-fat diets.

The FTO gene variant rs9939609 showed no association with total energy intake or macronutrient consumption at baseline.
Individuals with the TT, TA, and AA genotypes had mean BMIs of 30.6, 31.3, and 34.5 kg/m2, respectively, when consuming high-fat diets.
A significant association between higher BMI and low carbohydrate and low fibre diets was observed.
No significant interactions between the FTO genotype and dietary intakes were found after adjusting for total energy intake, age, and sex.
The findings suggest that dietary components may influence the relationship between the FTO genotype and obesity risk.

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A cluster of variants in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene are associated with the common form of obesity. Well-documented dietary data are required for identifying how the genetic risk can be modified by dietary factors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between the FTO risk allele (rs9939609) and dietary intake, and to evaluate how dietary intake affects the association between FTO and BMI in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study during a mean follow-up of 3·2 years. A total of 479 (BMI >25 kg/m2) men and women were genotyped for rs9939609. The participants completed a 3 d food record at baseline and before every annual study visit. The average intakes at baseline and during the years 1, 2 and 3 were calculated. At baseline, the FTO variant rs9939609 was not associated with the mean values of total energy intake, macronutrients or fibre. At baseline, a higher BMI by the FTO risk genotype was detected especially in those who reported a diet high in fat with mean BMI of 30·6 (sd 4·1), 31·3 (sd 4·6) and 34·5 (sd 6·2) kg/m2 for TT, TA and AA carriers, respectively (P =0·005). Higher BMI was also observed in those who had a diet low in carbohydrates (P =0·028) and fibre (P =0·015). However, in the analyses adjusted for total energy intake, age and sex, significant interactions between FTO and dietary intakes were not found. These findings suggest that the association between the FTO genotype and obesity is influenced by the components of dietary intake, and the current dietary recommendations are particularly beneficial for those who are genetically susceptible for obesity.

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Association of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant (rs9939609) with dietary intake in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

Abstract

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