Therapeutic application of fecal microbiota transplantation for neurological diseases: Exploring novel mechanisms and perspectives

Jan 1, 2026Experimental neurology

Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Treatment for Neurological Diseases: New Mechanisms and Insights

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Abstract

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is emerging as a potential therapeutic option for various neurological disorders.

FMT has been reviewed for its development, safety, and efficacy in treating neurological disorders.
The microbiota-gut-brain axis may play a crucial role in FMT's effects on neurological function.
FMT could influence neurological health by regulating gut microbiota, immune responses, and neurotransmitter levels.
Challenges for FMT in neurological treatment include ethical concerns, safety issues, and the need for standardization.
Future directions for FMT may involve personalized therapy and combination treatments.

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Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic approach in the field of neurological disorders. In this study, we review the research progress of FMT in treating neurological disorders. First, the development, safety, and efficacy of FMT are introduced. Subsequently, the application and potential mechanisms of FMT in neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease), neurodevelopmental disorders (such as autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), and other neurological conditions are elaborated in detail. Particularly, we explore the pivotal role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in FMT for treating neurological disorders, as well as how FMT influences neurological function by regulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites, immune system and inflammatory responses, and neurotransmitters. However, FMT also faces numerous challenges in the treatment of neurological disorders, such as ethical issues, safety concerns, and standardization problems. Therefore, this review also prospects the future development directions of FMT in the treatment of neurological diseases, including personalized therapy and combination therapies. FMT may be a feasible and promising option for treating various neurological disorders, but a comprehensive understanding of its working principles and continuous improvement of its application in clinical practice are still ongoing.

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Therapeutic application of fecal microbiota transplantation for neurological diseases: Exploring novel mechanisms and perspectives

Abstract

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