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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) may reactivate the insulin signaling pathway associated with insulin resistance.
- Insulin resistance is linked to type 2 diabetes, liver disease, and cardiometabolic disorders.
- MSC-Exos can deliver miRNAs and proteins that support insulin signaling and mitochondrial function.
- These exosomes may protect insulin-producing cells and reduce cellular stress.
- Genetic modifications to MSC-Exos could enhance their therapeutic effects on insulin resistance.
- Challenges remain in producing these modified exosomes at scale and ensuring their long-term safety.
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