Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of T2DM: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

A total of 25,572 participants were included across 64 trials comparing glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.

• Tirzepatide showed the greatest reduction in HbA1-c by 2.3% and fasting plasma glucose by 3.1 mmol/L compared to placebo.
• Semaglutide and liraglutide also reduced HbA1-c and fasting plasma glucose, but to a lesser extent.
• Significant reductions in body weight were observed with tirzepatide (9.1 kg), semaglutide (2.8 kg), and liraglutide (1.2 kg) compared to placebo.
• All treatments did not show significant differences in body mass index, blood pressure, or cholesterol levels compared to placebo.
• GLP-1 receptor agonists are associated with a higher risk of gastrointestinal symptoms; semaglutide increases the risk of hypoglycemia while liraglutide reduces it compared to traditional antidiabetic drugs.
• Tirzepatide may be more suitable for treating type 2 diabetes in individuals with obesity, while semaglutide and liraglutide could be more effective for those with normal weight.

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