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Abstract
Early stage 3 type 1 diabetes is characterized by significant changes in hormone secretion and insulin sensitivity.
- Beta-cell secretion decreases, leading to increased glucagon levels after meals.
- Impaired incretin hormone function contributes to the challenges in glucose management.
- Beta-cell stress and insulin resistance are notable features during this stage.
- Incretin-based therapy may enhance insulin secretion and reduce glucagon levels post-meal.
- Randomized trials show that starting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist therapy soon after diagnosis can lower insulin needs and preserve insulin production.
- Benefits from this therapy often decrease after treatment discontinuation, suggesting that combined therapies could enhance long-term effectiveness.
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