Real-world observations of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors as possible treatments for Alzheimer's disease

Starting GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT-2 inhibitors was associated with lower Alzheimer's disease risk than starting DPP-4 inhibitors in real-world data.

Two large pharmacoepidemiologic database studies using covariate-adjusted Cox models found reduced AD risk for GLP-1 receptor agonist initiators versus DPP-4 inhibitor initiators (HR <= 0.69) and for SGLT-2 inhibitor initiators versus DPP-4 inhibitor initiators (HR <= 0.67).

These are real-world observational comparisons against DPP-4 inhibitors, so residual confounding remains possible and randomized trials are still needed to test causality.