Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)Aug 27, 2026

Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Dual Incretin Treatments on Heart Function and Cardiovascular Health in People with Obesity

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗OA ↗

Updated Aug 29, 2026

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) may lead to significant weight reduction and metabolic improvement in patients with obesity.

Emerging dual incretin therapies show potential for favorable cardiovascular outcomes.
Key cardiovascular outcomes trials evaluate the effectiveness of GLP-1 RAs and dual incretin therapies.
Evidence is drawn from diverse study designs, including type 2 diabetes trials and HFpEF-specific randomized trials.
Mechanistic pathways potentially linking incretin therapies to cardiovascular and HFpEF-related benefits are discussed.
Current knowledge gaps and future research priorities are identified to enhance personalized treatment strategies.

Simplified

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and emerging dual incretin therapies have demonstrated substantial effects on weight reduction and metabolic improvement, with growing evidence supporting favorable cardiovascular outcomes. This narrative review provides a focused overview of key cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) and HFpEF-oriented clinical studies evaluating GLP-1 RA and dual incretin therapies in patients living with obesity, including completed and ongoing investigations. We summarize trial characteristics, critically appraise their outcomes, and briefly discuss mechanistic pathways potentially linking incretin-based therapies to cardiovascular and HFpEF-related benefits. Because available data derive from heterogeneous study designs, we explicitly distinguish evidence from type 2 diabetes cardiovascular outcomes trials, obesity-without-diabetes cardiovascular outcomes trials, HFpEF-specific randomized trials, mechanistic substudies, ongoing trials, and real-world observational analyses. We also situate incretin-based therapies within contemporary obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular, and HFpEF guideline-directed care. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps, future research priorities, and innovative approaches needed to refine personalized therapeutic strategies and optimize patient-centered outcomes in obesity-associated HFpEF.

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Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Dual Incretin Treatments on Heart Function and Cardiovascular Health in People with Obesity

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