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Gut–brain communication: types of sensory nerves and mechanisms of activation
How different gut sensory nerves send signals to the brain and how they are activated
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Abstract
New evidence indicates that single dorsal root ganglia neurons can give rise to multiple different morphological types of endings within different gut layers.
- The gastrointestinal tract detects various stimuli through vagal and spinal afferent nerves.
- Viscerofugal neurons may play a role in gut-brain signaling.
- Piezo2 channels are crucial for detecting mechanical stimuli in gut-projecting spinal afferents.
- Substances from enteroendocrine cells may activate vagal and spinal afferent endings in the mucosa via a paracrine mechanism.
- Advances in neurogenetic techniques and high-resolution tracing have helped identify distinct types of spinal and vagal afferents connected to gut-brain communication.
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