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Gut–Brain–Microbiome Axis in the Regulation of Cancer Immune Escape and Immunotherapy in Tumors
How the Gut-Brain-Microbiome System May Influence Tumor Immune Evasion and Response to Immunotherapy
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Abstract
The gut microbiota may influence brain tumor characteristics through interactions with the immune environment.
- Crosstalk between the intestine and brain involves the gut microbiota as a crucial mediator.
- Gut microbiota and its metabolites may modulate the immune environment of brain tumors.
- This modulation could impact tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms of gut-brain axis modulation of brain tumors are summarized.
- Emerging therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy, are discussed.
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