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Gut microbiome and aging—A dynamic interplay of microbes, metabolites, and the immune system
How gut microbes, their products, and the immune system interact as we age
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Abstract
Aging is associated with profound changes in the gut microbiome and immune system.
- Reductions in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers and shifts in certain microbial species may incite and worsen inflammation.
- Alterations in the gut microbiome can damage barrier integrity and accelerate immunosenescence.
- Immune aging and reduced mucosal IgA are linked to microbial dysbiosis, creating a cycle that fuels chronic inflammation.
- Microbial metabolites like SCFAs and bile acids could influence regulatory T-cell balance and epithelial repair.
- Diet, probiotics, and microbiome transplantations are suggested to potentially restore beneficial microbial and immune functions.
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