Pharmacological reports : PRSep 9, 2026

Gut bacteria may influence enzymes involved in Alzheimer's disease treatment

Gut-Brain Axis Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Sep 10, 2026

Abstract

Gut microbiota-derived metabolites may influence the regulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC), which are key enzymes involved in gene expression and neuroinflammation.

The gut microbiota is associated with various physiological functions, including digestion, immune regulation, and intestinal barrier maintenance.
Emerging evidence suggests that metabolites from gut microbiota could modulate HDAC activity, potentially impacting Alzheimer's disease progression.
HDAC are involved in important processes such as neuronal survival and the regulation of inflammation in the brain.
The interactions between gut microbiota and HDAC may influence cognitive function through changes in gene expression and neuroprotective signaling.
The review highlights the potential therapeutic role of gut-derived metabolites and dietary compounds in restoring a healthy gut microbiota for Alzheimer's treatment.

Simplified

The human gut microbiota (GMB) has a significant impact on physiological function, including gastrointestinal health, immune regulation, and redox homeostasis. It consists of diverse microorganisms that support digestion, nutrient absorption, and intestinal barrier function. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota-derived metabolites may influence the gut-brain axis and regulate epigenetic mechanisms through modulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC). HDAC are key enzymes involved in gene expression, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation, and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been reported to modulate HDAC activity and may contribute to neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Through these mechanisms, the GMB may influence cognitive function and the progression of AD. However, the precise molecular mechanisms involved in these interactions are not yet fully understood and continue to be extensively investigated. Therefore, this review focuses on the correlation between HDAC and the restoration of a healthy GMB as a therapeutic approach for the treatment and prevention of AD. It emphasizes the role of gut-derived metabolites, peptides, and dietary bioactive compounds in regulating HDAC-mediated epigenetic pathways. These interactions may influence gene expression, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, neuroinflammation, and neuroprotective signalling associated with cognitive function. Furthermore, the review delineates the bidirectional interplay among neurotransmitter signalling, GMB composition, and HDAC-mediated epigenetic regulation, along with their potential roles in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders.

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Gut bacteria may influence enzymes involved in Alzheimer's disease treatment

Abstract

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