Characteristics of gut microbiota and its correlation with hs-CRP and somatic symptoms in first-episode treatment-naive major depressive disorder

Apr 14, 2024Journal of affective disorders

Gut bacteria patterns linked to inflammation and physical symptoms in first-time untreated major depression

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Abstract

MDD patients exhibited elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and disordered gut microbiota compared to healthy controls.

MDD patients had higher levels of hs-CRP compared to healthy controls.
Alterations in gut microbiota showed disordered α-diversity and β-diversity in MDD patients.
Specific bacterial genera, including Bifidobacterium and Blautia, were more prevalent in MDD patients, while Bacteroides and Roseburia were less prevalent.
Bacteroides and Roseburia were negatively correlated with hs-CRP levels and the severity of depressive and somatic symptoms.
Patients with somatic symptoms (MDDS) showed higher Pielous evenness compared to those without somatic symptoms (MDDN).
The analysis identified 20 key bacterial genera that effectively discriminated between MDD patients and healthy controls.

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OBJECTIVE: Most patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have somatic symptoms, but little studies pay attention in the microbial-inflammatory mechanisms of these somatic symptoms. Our study aimed to investigate alterations in gut microbiota and its correlation with inflammatory marker levels and somatic symptoms in first-episode treatment-naive MDD.

METHODS: Subjects contained 160 MDD patients and 101 healthy controls (HCs). MDD patients were divided into MDD with somatic symptoms group (MDDS) and MDD without somatic symptoms group (MDDN) based on Somatic Self-rating Scale (SSS). 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing were performed to analyze the composition of the fecal microbiota. The inflammatory factors were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation among the altered gut microbiota, inflammatory factor and severity of clinical symptoms were analysized.

RESULTS: Relative to HCs, MDD patients had higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as well as disordered α-diversity and β-diversity of gut microbiota. Linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that MDD patients had higher proportions of Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Haemophilus and lower proportions of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Dialister, Sutterella, Parabacteroides, Bordetella, and Phascolarctobacterium from the genus aspect. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed Bacteroides and Roseburia had negative correlations with the hs-CRP, HAMD-24, the total and factor scores of SSS in all participants. Further, compared with MDDN, the Pielous evenness was higher in MDDS. Random Forest (RF) analysis showed 20 most important genera discriminating MDD-S and MDDN, HCs. The ROC analysis showed that the AUC was 0.90 and 0.81 combining these genera respectively.

CONCLUSION: Our study manifested MDD patients showed disordered gut microbiota and elevated hs-CRP levels, and altered gut microbiota was closely associated with hs-CRP, depressive symptoms, and somatic symptoms.

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Characteristics of gut microbiota and its correlation with hs-CRP and somatic symptoms in first-episode treatment-naive major depressive disorder

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