The IL-17A/IL-17RA axis in pulmonary defence and immunopathology

Apr 2, 2016Cytokine & growth factor reviews

The role of IL-17A and its receptor in lung defense and immune-related lung damage

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Abstract

IL-17A-mediated responses are critical in both acute and chronic inflammation in the airways.

IL-17A/IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) signalling may play a protective role in health.
This axis can help eliminate harmful stimuli and resolve acute inflammation.
However, it may also worsen immune responses, contributing to chronic respiratory diseases.
Cellular and molecular characteristics of IL-17A/IL-17RA signalling are being increasingly identified.
Further research is needed to better understand the complex effects of this signalling pathway.

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The interleukin (IL)-17A/IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) axis is emerging as a key player in host defence. Several studies have demonstrated that IL-17A-mediated responses play a critical role in both acute and chronic inflammation induced by infectious agents, environmental stimuli and genetic diseases in the airways. In this regard, it is becoming evident that IL-17A/IL-17RA signalling may have a protective and beneficial impact on health, but that it can also result in detrimental outcomes. On one hand, the IL-17A/IL-17RA axis can contribute to the elimination of noxious stimuli and to the resolution of acute inflammatory processes; on the other hand, it can exacerbate immunopathological responses, contributing to the development and progression of chronic respiratory illnesses. In addition, cellular and molecular signatures underlying IL-17A/IL-17RA signalling have been increasingly identified, although further studies are needed to clarify such complex responses. Here, we discuss the latest discoveries on the role of the IL-17A/IL-17RA axis in driving host pulmonary defence and immunopathology.

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