Factors influencing insulin resistance in relation to atherogenicity in mood disorders, the metabolic syndrome and tobacco use disorder

Apr 13, 2015Journal of affective disorders

Factors linked to insulin resistance and artery risk in mood disorders, metabolic syndrome, and tobacco use disorder

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Abstract

314 subjects with mood disorders were examined for insulin resistance and atherogenicity.

Insulin resistance, measured by HOMA2IR, is correlated with body mass index (BMI) and uric acid levels.
The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is positively associated with BMI, mood disorders, tobacco use disorder (TUD), uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA), and male sex.
Uric acid is positively associated with both insulin and triglyceride levels and negatively associated with HDL cholesterol.
MDA is positively associated with triglyceride levels.
Comorbid mood disorders and TUD are linked to an increased AIP but do not affect insulin resistance.
Increased uric acid is a significant risk factor for both insulin resistance and atherogenic potential.

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OBJECTIVE: This study examines the effects of malondialdehyde (MDA) and uric acid on insulin resistance and atherogenicity in subjects with and without mood disorders, the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and tobacco use disorder (TUD).

METHODS: We included 314 subjects with depression and bipolar depression, with and without the MetS and TUD and computed insulin resistance using the updated homeostasis model assessment (HOMA2IR) and atherogenicity using the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), that is log10 (triglycerides/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.

RESULTS: HOMA2IR is correlated with body mass index (BMI) and uric acid levels, but not with mood disorders and TUD, while the AIP is positively associated with BMI, mood disorders, TUD, uric acid, MDA and male sex. Uric acid is positively associated with insulin and triglycerides and negatively with HDL cholesterol. MDA is positively associated with triglyceride levels. Comorbid mood disorders and TUD further increase AIP but not insulin resistance. Glucose is positively associated with increasing age, male gender and BMI.

DISCUSSION: The results show that mood disorders, TUD and BMI together with elevated levels of uric acid and MDA independently contribute to increased atherogenic potential, while BMI and uric acid are risk factors for insulin resistance. The findings show that mood disorders and TUD are closely related to an increased atherogenic potential but not to insulin resistance or the MetS. Increased uric acid is a highly significant risk factor for insulin resistance and increased atherogenic potential. MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation, further contributes to different aspects of the atherogenic potential. Mood disorders and TUD increase triglyceride levels, lower HDL cholesterol and are strongly associated with the atherogenic, but not insulin resistance, component of the MetS.

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Factors influencing insulin resistance in relation to atherogenicity in mood disorders, the metabolic syndrome and tobacco use disorder

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