Effectiveness of 2025-2026 mRNA-1283 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Outcomes in US Adults 65 and Older

Declarations. Conflict of Interest: Nevena Vicic, Heather Hensler, Ekkehard Beck, Emily Patry, Andre B. Araujo, and Amanda Wilson are employees of and shareholders in Moderna, Inc. Alina Bogdanov, Taylor Ryan, Ni Zeng, and Machaon Bonafede are employees of Veradigm Inc. Veradigm was contracted by Moderna, Inc., and received fees for study design, data management, and statistical analyses. Ethical Approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines for observational studies. The research involved de-identified claims data and did not require direct patient involvement. Therefore, specific ethics approval and informed consent were not needed, as the data were anonymized and complied with patient privacy regulations. Access to the data was provided under agreements with the data provider, which ensured adherence to ethical standards, including the protection of patient confidentiality.