Lipid Nanoparticles Optimized for Targeting and Release of Nucleic Acid

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are currently the most promising clinical nucleic acids drug delivery vehicles.

• LNPs prevent the degradation of cargo nucleic acids during blood circulation.
• Specific components of LNPs can promote the release of nucleic acids from endosomes after cell entry.
• Enhancing targeting of LNPs beyond the liver is crucial for improving their effectiveness in vivo.
• Current limitations include inadequate release efficiency of nucleic acids from LNPs inside cells.
• Strategies to improve nucleic acid delivery and mechanisms behind these approaches are explored.
• Issues related to the clinical translation of LNPs are discussed based on ongoing and completed clinical trials.

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