Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery

Sep 2, 2021Advanced drug delivery reviews

Porous silica nanoparticles for delivering medicine to the lungs

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Abstract

Nanomedicine may enhance drug delivery to the lungs by overcoming physiological barriers.

Respiratory diseases are among the leading causes of death globally due to ineffective lung therapies.
Current drug delivery methods face challenges from anatomical, physiological, and immunological barriers in the respiratory system.
Nanoparticles, including mesoporous silica nanoparticles, could improve drug bioavailability while reducing side effects.
There is a need for further development of effective strategies for pulmonary drug delivery.
This review highlights the role of nanomedicine in addressing these challenges and improving treatments for lung diseases.

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Over the last years, respiratory diseases represent a clinical concern, being included among the leading causes of death in the world due to the lack of effective lung therapies, mainly ascribed to the pulmonary barriers affecting the delivery of drugs to the lungs. In this way, nanomedicine has arisen as a promising approach to overcome the limitations of current therapies for pulmonary diseases. The use of nanoparticles allows enhancing drug bioavailability at the target site while minimizing undesired side effects. Despite different approaches have been developed for pulmonary delivery of drugs, including the use of polymers, lipid-based nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles, more efforts are required to achieve effective pulmonary drug delivery. This review provides an overview of the clinical challenges in main lung diseases, as well as highlighted the role of nanomedicine in achieving efficient pulmonary drug delivery. Drug delivery into the lungs is a complex process limited by the anatomical, physiological and immunological barriers of the respiratory system. We discuss how nanomedicine can be useful to overcome these pulmonary barriers and give insights for the rational design of future nanoparticles for enhancing lung treatments. We also attempt herein to display more in detail the potential of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as promising nanocarrier for pulmonary drug delivery by providing a comprehensive overview of their application in lung delivery to date while discussing the use of these particles for the treatment of respiratory diseases.

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