Metabolic effects of very-low calorie diet, Semaglutide, or combination of the two, in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Jul 12, 2024Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

Metabolic changes from a very-low calorie diet, Semaglutide, or both in people with type 2 diabetes

AI simplified

GLP-1 Therapies on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Significantly greater reductions in body weight and fat mass were observed in very-low calorie diets (VLCD) and combined interventions than with Semaglutide alone (p < 0.01).

VLCD and combined interventions resulted in 5.4 and 7 percentage-point greater weight loss than Semaglutide, respectively.
All groups experienced significant reductions in HbA1c and fasting glucose levels.
Fasting insulin and insulin sensitivity, as measured by HOMA-IR, improved only in the VLCD and combined groups.
Insulin first phase response during glucose tolerance tests increased in both Semaglutide and combined groups, with a significantly greater increase in the combined group compared to VLCD (p < 0.01).
The combination of Semaglutide and VLCD did not enhance weight and body composition outcomes beyond those achieved with VLCD alone.

AI simplified

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Very-low calorie diets (VLCD) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA) Semaglutide induce significant weight loss and improve glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This pilot study was conducted to explore the comparative short-term effects of these interventions individually, and in combination, on weight, body composition and metabolic outcomes.

METHODS: Thirty individuals with T2D (age 18-75 years, BMI 27-50 kg m) were randomly assigned to receive Semaglutide (SEM), 800 kilocalorie/day VLCD (VLCD), or both in combination (COMB) for 12 weeks. Measurement of weight and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) were performed at baseline and post-intervention. Diet diaries were utilised to assess compliance. Insulin first phase response during IVGTT provided a marker of pancreatic beta-cell function, and insulin sensitivity was estimated using HOMA-IR. -2

RESULTS: Significantly greater reductions in body weight and fat mass were observed in VLCD and COMB, than SEM (p < 0.01 v both). VLCD and COMB resulted in a 5.4 and 7 percentage-point greater weight loss than SEM, respectively. HbA1c and fasting glucose reduced significantly in all groups, however fasting insulin and HOMA-IR improved in VLCD and COMB only. Insulin first phase response during IVGTT increased in SEM and COMB, and this increase was significantly greater in COMB than VLCD (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION: VLCD elicited greater short-term losses of weight and fat mass than Semaglutide. Adding VLCD to Semaglutide stimulated further weight loss than Semaglutide alone. The combination did not yield any additive effects on weight and body composition above VLCD alone, but did provoke greater improvements in pancreatic beta-cell function. Thus, combination of Semaglutide and VLCD warrants further exploration as a novel approach to T2D management.

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (XML) ↗View full text ↗

Metabolic effects of very-low calorie diet, Semaglutide, or combination of the two, in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the glp-1 therapies brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the glp-1 therapies brief