Metformin’s impact on Rivastigmine’s protective effects in aluminum-induced Alzheimer's in rats: Behavioral and biological links between protein buildup, cell cleanup, and cell death

The combination of metformin and rivastigmine significantly reduced caspase-3 levels in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

• Metformin and rivastigmine treatments mitigated neurodegenerative changes induced by aluminum chloride.
• The combination therapy did not result in significant improvements in behavioral performance compared to rivastigmine alone.
• Levels of hippocampal beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 and amyloid-beta deposition were significantly reduced with the combination treatment.
• The combination showed enhanced suppression of amyloid processing and improved autophagy markers.
• Caspase-3 immunoreactivity was markedly reduced in the combination group compared to the Alzheimer's disease model group.

Simplified