Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity But Not Sedentary Time Is Associated With Musculoskeletal Health Outcomes in a Cohort of Australian Middle-Aged Women

Nov 3, 2016Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Moderate to Intense Exercise, Not Sitting Time, Links to Bone and Muscle Health in Middle-Aged Australian Women

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Abstract

Total physical activity is associated with an increase of 0.011 g/cm in femoral neck bone mineral density in middle-aged women.

Total physical activity is linked to improvements in femoral neck bone mineral density, lower limb muscle strength, and functional mobility.
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is also positively associated with femoral neck bone mineral density and lower limb muscle strength.
Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity shows beneficial effects on functional mobility as measured by the timed up and go test.
Sedentary time is negatively associated with functional mobility, specifically the timed up and go test, but this association does not hold after accounting for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Light physical activity does not show a significant association with any of the musculoskeletal health outcomes examined.

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Associations between physical activity and time spent sedentary and musculoskeletal outcomes remain unclear in middle-aged adults. This study aimed to describe associations between objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time and musculoskeletal health outcomes in middle-aged women. This cross-sectional study from a population-based sample of 309 women (age 36 to 57 years) examined associations of total physical activity (accelerometer counts/min of wear time), and time spent sedentary, in light physical activities and moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (MVPA) (by Actigraph GT1M accelerometer) with lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), lower limb muscle strength (LMS), and functional mobility and balance tests (timed up and go test [TUG], functional reach test [FRT], lateral reach test [LRT], and step test [ST]) using linear regression. Total physical activity was beneficially associated with FN BMD (values are β; 95% CI) (0.011 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.019 g/cm), LMS (2.13 kg; 95% CI, 0.21 to 4.06 kg), and TUG (-0.080 s; 95% CI, -0.129 to -0.030 s), after adjustment for confounders. MVPA was also beneficially associated with FN BMD (0.0050 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.0007 to 0.0094 g/cm), LMS (1.48 kg; 95% CI, 0.45 to 2.52 kg), ST (0.12 steps; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.23 steps), and TUG (-0.043 s; 95% CI, -0.070 to -0.016 s). Associations between MVPA and LMS, TUG and ST persisted after further adjustment for sedentary time. Only TUG was associated with sedentary time, with a detrimental effect (0.075 s; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.137 s) and this did not persist after further adjustment for MVPA. Light physical activity was not associated with any outcome. MVPA appears more important than light physical activity or sedentary time for many musculoskeletal outcomes in middle-aged women. This needs to be considered when developing interventions to improve habitual physical activity that aim to improve musculoskeletal health. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 2 2 2 2

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Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity But Not Sedentary Time Is Associated With Musculoskeletal Health Outcomes in a Cohort of Australian Middle-Aged Women

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