An encoding nucleoprotein protected mice from lethal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus challenge.
Evidence
Preclinical mouse vaccine experiments tested NP- and GPC-encoding mRNAs and found complete protection with mRNA-NP alone, protection with combined NP/GPC vaccination, protection after a single 2 μg mRNA-NP dose, and partial protection from passive transfer of NP-immune serum.
Caveat
The evidence is limited to mouse models and passive-transfer experiments, so human safety, dosing, durability, and efficacy remain untested.
Simplified
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus () is a tick-borne virus of the Orthonairovirus genus, Nairoviridae family, that causes severe febrile hemorrhagic disease in humans with a case fatality rate ranging from approximately 3-30%. This zoonotic pathogen is distributed across a broad geographic area spanning Asia, Europe, and Africa. Despite its significant public health threat and outbreak potential, no licensed vaccines are available. In this study, we developed and systematically assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines encoding either CCHFV nucleoprotein (NP) or glycoprotein precursor (GPC) in mouse models. Vaccination with the NP-encoding mRNA alone provided complete protection against lethal cross-genotype CCHFV challenge. Moreover, combined vaccination with both the NP and GPC mRNAs elicited robust immune responses and conferred protection against CCHFV infection. Notably, a single-dose immunization with 2 μg mRNA-NP was sufficient to confer protection against lethal challenge. Furthermore, the passive transfer of NP-immune serum provided partial protection, supporting the role of NP-specific antibodies in mediating protection. Overall, these mRNA vaccines demonstrate protective efficacy against CCHFV, with combined antigenic protection and dose-sparing potential, highlighting their potential for outbreak preparedness and further clinical development.
Key numbers
100%
Survival Rate
Survival rate of mice vaccinated with 2 μg after lethal challenge.
33.33%
Partial Protection Rate
Percentage of naïve mice receiving of NP-immune serum that survived.
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