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mRNA Vaccines: Design Principles, Mechanisms, and Manufacturing—Insights From COVID‐19 as a Model for Combating Infectious Diseases
How mRNA Vaccines Work, Are Made, and Lessons from COVID-19 for Fighting Infectious Diseases
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Abstract
The approval of two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines has accelerated the development of numerous candidates targeting infectious diseases and cancer.
- mRNA vaccines allow for rapid, safe, and versatile manufacturing while generating strong immune responses.
- Advancements in modified nucleotides and lipid nanoparticle systems enhance the potential of mRNA vaccines.
- Significant improvements in vaccine efficacy, stability, and immunogenicity are still needed.
- The review highlights mRNA vaccine candidates developed since the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges from emerging variants.
- Current strategies to address challenges posed by SARS-CoV-2 variants are discussed, including the potential for broad-spectrum vaccines.
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