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Abstract
Significant group differences in gut microbial composition were observed, driven by 8 microbial taxa that increased and 2 that decreased from healthy controls to Alzheimer's disease patients.
- Eight microbial taxa, including Staphylococcus and Bacillus, showed a progressive increase in relative abundance from healthy controls to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
- Two taxa, such as Anaerostipes, demonstrated a gradual decrease in relative abundance across the same groups.
- A total of 26 fecal metabolites, including Arachidonic, Adrenic, and Lithocholic acids, exhibited a progressive increase from healthy controls to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
- Progressive gray matter atrophy and damage to white matter integrity were observed in patients along the Alzheimer's disease continuum.
- Significant associations were found between gut microbiota, metabolites, neuroimaging measures, and cognitive variables.
- Two potential mediation pathways were identified: microbiota affecting metabolites, which in turn influence neuroimaging and cognition.
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