The Emerging Role of Novel PTMs in Autophagy: Implications for Diabetes and Its Complications

Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disease globally, with a rapid increase in incidence.

• The pathogenesis of diabetes involves complex processes such as cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
• Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining beta cell function by clearing misfolded proteins and amyloid aggregates.
• Dysregulation of autophagy can lead to the breakdown of vital beta cell components, potentially resulting in insulin dysfunction.
• Protein post-translational modifications are significant to the development and complications of diabetes.
• Histone methylation and acetylation are key processes associated with metabolic memory and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
• Recent discoveries highlight novel post-translational modifications linked to diabetes and its complications.

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