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Strategies for overcoming multiple barriers of oral administration of protein and peptide therapeutics
Ways to improve oral delivery of protein and peptide medicines by overcoming multiple barriers
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Abstract
This review discusses strategies to enhance the bioavailability of protein and peptide therapeutics (PPs) in the complex gastrointestinal environment.
- Four main gastrointestinal barriers to oral PPs are identified: harsh pH, enzymatic degradation, the mucus layer, and the intestinal epithelial barrier.
- Chemical modifications, permeation enhancers, and encapsulation techniques are evaluated as potential solutions to improve the stability and absorption of PPs.
- Novel delivery systems such as microneedles and nanoparticle-based carriers are explored for their ability to protect PPs during transit through the GI tract.
- The advantages and limitations of each strategy are compared, highlighting the need for a synergistic approach to effectively address multiple GI barriers.
- Current challenges in oral PPs drug delivery systems are discussed, along with future directions for improving therapeutic outcomes.
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