Oral Semaglutide: First-in-Class Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Oral semaglutide has been shown to result in an absolute hemoglobin A1c reduction between -0.5% and -1.5% and weight reductions between -1 and -4.7 kg.

• Oral semaglutide is FDA approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
• It has demonstrated noninferior cardiovascular safety compared to placebo, with ongoing trials for additional cardiovascular outcomes.
• Adverse effects are primarily gastrointestinal and similar to those of other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.
• Oral semaglutide may be suitable as second- or third-line therapy for patients not achieving treatment goals on metformin who are overweight.
• It appears to be both safe and effective as monotherapy and as an add-on treatment for type 2 diabetes.

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