The Orthopedic clinics of North AmericaSep 3, 2026

Osteoarthritis as a Whole-Joint Disease: New Pain, Metabolism, Aging, and Repair Treatment Targets with Ideas for Personalized Care

Longevity & Aging Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Sep 4, 2026

Abstract

Current therapeutic strategies for joint management show limited consistent clinical success.

Therapies targeting joint structures, such as cartilage and synovium, are commonly used.
New strategies include addressing pain pathways, metabolic dysfunction, and aging-related cellular changes.
Regenerative treatments like platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid are being explored.
Some approaches have demonstrated promising early signals but lack durable clinical outcomes.

Simplified

This second part of the review builds on Part I, which focused on current standard-of-care management and structural therapeutic targets within the joint compartment, including cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone. Here, we examine therapeutic strategies that extend beyond that axis, including peripheral and central pain pathways, systemic metabolic dysfunction and obesity, aging-associated cellular senescence, and contemporary regenerative intra-articular therapies such as platelet-rich plasma, hyaluronic acid, lubricin, and cell-based products. Although several of these approaches have shown encouraging mechanistic or symptomatic signals, consistent and durable clinical success has remained limited.

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Osteoarthritis as a Whole-Joint Disease: New Pain, Metabolism, Aging, and Repair Treatment Targets with Ideas for Personalized Care

Abstract

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