Osteoinductive silk fibroin/titanium dioxide/hydroxyapatite hybrid scaffold for bone tissue engineering

Aug 11, 2015International journal of biological macromolecules

Bone-growing scaffold made from silk protein, titanium dioxide, and hydroxyapatite for bone repair

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Abstract

The porous silk fibroin/titanium dioxide/hydroxyapatite hybrid scaffold showed improved osteoinductivity compared to the porous silk fibroin scaffold.

Incorporation of titanium isopropoxide and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into silk fibroin scaffolds was achieved.
Homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles was confirmed through imaging techniques.
The hybrid scaffold exhibited similar porosity and enhanced mechanical properties compared to the silk fibroin scaffold.
Water binding abilities of the hybrid scaffold were found to be decreased.
Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression indicated improved osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the hybrid scaffold.

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The present study demonstrated the fabrication that incorporation of titanium isopropoxide (TiO2) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles into the silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds. In this process, we prepared TiO2 nanoparticles using sol-gel synthesis and the porous structure was developed by salt-leaching process. Homogeneous distribution of TiO2 and HA nanoparticles were confirmed by images of VP-FE-SEM and those equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Structural characteristics of the porous SF/TiO2/HA hybrid scaffold were also determined using FTIR analysis and X-ray diffractometer. In this study, the porous SF/TiO2/HA hybrid scaffold showed similar porosity, enhanced mechanical property, but decreased water binding abilities, compared with the porous SF scaffold. For evaluation of the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression were employed. Our results revealed that the porous SF/TiO2/HA hybrid scaffold had improved osteoinductivity compared with the porous SF scaffold. These results suggest that the osteogenic property as well as mechanical property of the porous SF/TiO2/HA hybrid scaffold could be better than the porous SF scaffold. Therefore, the porous SF/TiO2/HA hybrid scaffold may be a good promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering application.

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Osteoinductive silk fibroin/titanium dioxide/hydroxyapatite hybrid scaffold for bone tissue engineering

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